In the evolving landscape of network infrastructure, Power over Ethernet (PoE) technology has become a cornerstone, enabling the transmission of power and data over a single Ethernet cable. As devices demand varying power levels, understanding the nuances between PoE, PoE+, and PoE++ switches is essential. This guide by Omnitron Systems aims to highlight these differences, assisting you in making informed decisions for your network setup.

What Is a PoE Switch?

A PoE switch (Power over Ethernet switch) is a specialized network switch designed to deliver both data and electrical power to network devices through standard Ethernet cables. This dual functionality streamlines installation processes by removing the need for separate power supplies, outlets, or additional cabling infrastructure. As a result, deploying networked devices like VoIP phones, IP security cameras, and wireless access points becomes much more efficient and cost-effective. The ability to provide power and data over the same cable makes PoE switches particularly valuable in environments where access to electrical outlets is limited or where aesthetic considerations discourage extensive wiring.

PoE switches are available in several types, including unmanaged, smart, and fully managed switches, each offering different levels of control and configuration. More advanced PoE switches allow network administrators to monitor power usage, prioritize traffic, and schedule power delivery to optimize energy efficiency. Some models are ruggedized for use in industrial or outdoor settings. As smart devices and IoT applications continue to grow, PoE technology has become a foundational element in network design, enabling seamless expansion and reliable power distribution across a wide range of networked environments.

Read more: What Are Managed and Unmanaged PoE Switches?

What Is a PoE+ Switch?

A PoE+ switch, based on the IEEE 802.3at standard introduced in 2009, is an enhanced version of the original PoE (Power over Ethernet) technology. It provides up to 30 watts of power per port—nearly double the 15.4 watts offered by standard PoE. This additional power capacity makes PoE+ switches suitable for devices with higher power demands, such as PTZ (pan-tilt-zoom) surveillance cameras, high-performance wireless access points, and video IP phones. Like PoE, PoE+ allows data and power to be transmitted over the same Ethernet cable, simplifying installation and reducing the need for separate electrical wiring.

PoE+ switches maintain backward compatibility with standard PoE devices, ensuring flexibility and scalability within mixed-device networks. Additionally, many PoE+ switches include power management features that allow administrators to monitor and control power distribution across the network. This makes them a reliable choice for growing business environments where more advanced and energy-hungry devices are being deployed. As a bridge between basic PoE and the more powerful PoE++ standard, PoE+ offers a balance of performance, cost-efficiency, and ease of integration for most modern networking needs.

What Is a PoE++ Switch?

A PoE++ switch refers to a network switch that supports the IEEE 802.3bt standard, allowing it to deliver significantly more power compared to earlier PoE standards. Also known as Type 3 and Type 4 PoE, PoE++ can supply up to 60 watts (Type 3) or up to 100 watts (Type 4) per port, making it ideal for powering high-consumption devices. This includes equipment such as pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) security cameras, multi-radio wireless access points, interactive kiosks, video conferencing systems, and even compact computers or displays.

By utilizing all four twisted pairs in an Ethernet cable, PoE++ maximizes power transmission without compromising data throughput. This enhanced capability allows for more centralized and flexible network planning, especially in environments where installing traditional power outlets is challenging or costly. As enterprise networks and smart buildings continue to grow more sophisticated, PoE++ switches offer a future-ready solution for delivering both robust data connectivity and high-power output to an expanding array of intelligent devices.

Understanding PoE Standards

PoE standards, defined by the IEEE, have evolved to accommodate devices with increasing power requirements.

IEEE 802.3af (PoE)

• Introduced in 2003.
• Delivers up to 15.4W per port.
• Suitable for devices like VoIP phones and basic IP cameras.

IEEE 802.3at (PoE+)

• Introduced in 2009.
• Delivers up to 30W per port.
• Supports devices like PTZ cameras and wireless access points.
  
  

IEEE 802.3bt (PoE++)

• Introduced in 2018.
• Type 3 delivers up to 60W; Type 4 up to 100W per port.
• Ideal for high-power devices like power-hungry WiFi access points, laptops, thin clients and digital signage.

Key Differences Between PoE, PoE+, and PoE++

Understanding the technical distinctions between these standards is crucial for optimal network performance and effective planning. While all three deliver both power and data over Ethernet, they differ significantly in power delivery, wiring requirements, and supported device types. These differences directly impact network design, scalability, and device compatibility.

Read more: 12 Essential Facts About PoE Switches

Power Output: What Each Standard Delivers

The most fundamental difference among the three standards—PoE, PoE+, and PoE++—is how much power they can supply to connected devices (PDs):

• PoE (IEEE 802.3af): This standard supports a maximum of 15.4 watts at the source (PSE, or Power Sourcing Equipment). However, due to power loss over cable length, the device typically receives about 12.95 watts. This makes PoE ideal for low-power devices such as:
  • VoIP phones
  • Standard IP cameras
  • Basic wireless access points
• PoE+ (IEEE 802.3at): Introduced as an enhancement over PoE, PoE+ supports up to 30 watts at the PSE, with 25.5 watts available at the PD. This increase accommodates more power-hungry applications like:
  • PTZ (pan-tilt-zoom) security cameras
  • More advanced wireless access points
  • Video IP phones
  • Building management sensors
• PoE++ (IEEE 802.3bt): PoE++ is split into two types:
  • Type 3: Supplies up to 60 watts per port (51 watts at the device).
  • Type 4: Goes up to 100 watts per port (71–90 watts usable, depending on cable quality).
• This level of power is suited for demanding devices such as:
  • Laptops and thin clients
  • LED lighting systems
  • Digital signage displays
  • PoE-powered AV systems
  • Next-gen Wi-Fi 6/6E/7 access points

This increasing gradient of power delivery makes the poe vs poe+ vs poe++ comparison essential when designing networks with varied device requirements.

Cable Requirements: Infrastructure Considerations

• PoE and PoE+: Both standards use two pairs of the four-pair Cat5e or Cat6 Ethernet cable (pins 1-2 and 3-6) to transmit power. This setup is sufficient for up to 30 watts, and is compatible with the majority of existing Ethernet infrastructure.
• PoE++: To meet higher power demands, PoE++ uses all four pairs in the Ethernet cable. This full utilization allows it to safely deliver up to 100 watts. However, it's crucial to ensure that your network uses high-quality cabling (Cat5e or higher) to prevent overheating or inefficiencies.

This distinction can influence infrastructure upgrades—installing PoE++ switches may require re-cabling older networks.

Read more: The difference between Ethernet Cables

Supported Devices: Matching Standards to Use Cases

Choosing the right PoE standard depends heavily on the devices you plan to power:

• PoE devices are typically low-bandwidth or static:
  • VoIP phones
  • Analog cameras with Ethernet adapters
  • Basic wireless access points
• PoE+ adds support for more sophisticated and mobile devices:
  • PTZ security cameras with motorized controls
  • Higher-bandwidth wireless access points (802.11n/ac)
  • Entry-level video conferencing systems
• PoE++ is ideal for modern enterprise networks needing high performance:
  • High-end wireless access points (Wi-Fi 6/6E)
  • All-in-one touchscreen computers
  • Smart TVs and digital signage
  • Industrial PoE lighting or control systems

This makes the poe+ vs poe++ debate particularly relevant for businesses expanding into smart offices or campus networks.

 

Choosing the Right PoE Switch for Your Network

Selecting the right PoE switch isn’t just about buying the most powerful one available. It’s a strategic decision that involves careful evaluation of your network’s current demands, future growth potential, and budgetary limits. Whether you're deciding between a PoE vs PoE+ switch or considering the leap to PoE++, here's a more in-depth look at what to consider:

1- Assessing Power Needs

Start by mapping out every PoE-powered device on your network. This includes not only what you’re currently using but also what you expect to add in the short term.

Steps to assess your power requirements:

• Inventory Your Devices: Create a list of all devices that will rely on PoE, such as IP cameras, VoIP phones, access points, and lighting systems.
• Identify Power Ratings: Check the wattage requirements for each device. This information is usually available in the product specifications.
• Calculate the Total Power Budget: Add up the wattage of all devices and include a buffer—typically 20%—to accommodate future upgrades or unexpected spikes.

Example: If you have ten devices each requiring 25W, your base requirement is 250W. With a 20% buffer, plan for at least 300W capacity from your PoE switch.

2- Future-Proofing Your Network

As network demands grow, so does the power required by newer technologies. Investing in higher capacity switches now can save money and installation time later.

How to future-proof your PoE investment:

• Account for Tech Trends: Newer devices, like Wi-Fi 6/7 access points, demand more power (often 30W+), nudging you toward PoE+ or PoE++ switches.
• Buy with Expansion in Mind: Choose switches with more ports and higher power budgets than you currently need to avoid replacing them within a year or two.
• Check for Modular Features: Some high-end switches allow you to add additional PoE ports or upgrade power supplies.

Pro tip: If you anticipate scaling or deploying power-intensive tech, skipping PoE and going straight for PoE++ might be more economical in the long run.

3- Budget Considerations

While it's tempting to go for the highest-performing switch, it’s essential to balance performance with cost—especially in budget-conscious environments.

Factors to weigh:

• Cost of the Switch Itself: Generally, PoE++ switches are more expensive than PoE or PoE+ models.
• Installation Costs: Higher power switches may require better cabling and ventilation, adding to setup costs.
• Energy Efficiency: More powerful switches may consume more electricity—factor this into your operating expenses.
• Long-Term ROI: Cheaper PoE switches may become inadequate within a year, leading to costly replacements. A slightly more expensive PoE+ switch could provide years of extra utility.

Example: If you’re deciding between a PoE+ vs PoE++ switch, and the extra cost is marginal, going with PoE++ might offer greater flexibility and longer usability—even if current devices don’t need the extra power yet.

Omnitron Systems' PoE Solutions

As a trusted innovator in network connectivity, Omnitron Systems delivers robust and reliable Power over Ethernet (PoE) solutions designed to meet the demands of modern and mission-critical networks. Our product line supports everything from small-scale enterprise deployments to rugged industrial applications.

Product Range

PoE Media Converters

PoE media converters from Omnitron Systems bridge the gap between fiber optic backbone infrastructure and copper Ethernet networks, while simultaneously delivering power to connected devices. Omnitron manufactures PoE media converters that can deliver up to 100W PoE per port (802.3bt), providing a future-proof solution for installing high-power edge devices.

Key features and use cases:

• Extend data and power transmission over long distances using fiber optic cabling.
• Eliminate the need for separate electrical lines near devices like IP cameras or wireless access points.
• Ideal for remote installations such as traffic control systems, utility poles, and outdoor surveillance.

PoE+ and PoE++ Switches

Our range of managed and unmanaged PoE+ (802.3at) and PoE++ (802.3bt) switches are engineered for performance and scalability. These switches deliver reliable power to increasingly power-hungry network devices.

Industrial and Hardened PoE Solutions

Designed to operate in extreme environments, our industrial switches and media converters are engineered for reliability in settings where commercial-grade equipment would fail.

Applications include:

• Smart cities infrastructure (traffic systems, security, lighting).
• Industrial automation (factories, utilities).
• Outdoor and remote locations (oil rigs, mining sites).

Product highlights:

• Industrial operating temperature range (-40°C to +75°C).
• Shock, vibration, and humidity resistance.
• DIN-rail and wall-mountable enclosures for flexible deployment

 

Advantages of Choosing Omnitron Systems

• Reliable and durable products.
• Expert technical support.
• Customized solutions for diverse network needs.
• PoE switches are made in USA and are TAA, BAA and NDAA Compliant.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the main difference between PoE, PoE+, and PoE++?

The primary difference lies in the power delivery capacity:

• PoE: Up to 15.4W per port.
• PoE+: Up to 30W per port.
• PoE++: Up to 60W (Type 3) or 100W (Type 4) per port.

Are PoE standards backward compatible?

Yes, higher PoE standards are generally backward compatible with lower ones, ensuring flexibility in mixed-device environments.

Can I use existing Ethernet cables for PoE++?

PoE++ requires Cat5e or higher cabling to ensure optimal performance and safety.

How do I determine the power budget for my PoE switch?

Sum the power requirements of all connected devices and add a buffer (typically 20%) to accommodate future additions or power surges.

What devices benefit most from PoE++?

High-power devices like laptops, digital signage, and advanced wireless access points benefit significantly from PoE++ due to its higher power delivery.

Conclusion

Understanding the distinctions between PoE, PoE+, and PoE++ is essential for building a robust and efficient network. By assessing your current and future power needs, you can select the appropriate PoE switch. Omnitron Systems offers a range of PoE solutions tailored to meet diverse networking requirements.

Contact Omnitron Systems to get pre-sale support. We are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and 365 days a year, to answer your questions. Call us now.